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FisheriesCommercial and amateur fishing are relatively well developed in the Ladoga region. Currently the "semi-commercial" private fishing for selling fish in the city markets becomes more and more considerable. Fishing enterprises are mainly catching vendace, smelt, perch, roach, bream, Ladoga cisco, and ruffe. There are also some minor catches of ide, burbot, white bream, grayling, pike. Harvest of a number of valuable species such as whitefish and pike-perch is limited. For instance the limits of whitefish were 210 ton for the year 1997, and 210 ton for the year 1998. For the pike-perch the limits were 370 ton in 1997, and 380 ton in 1998 (see "Natural resources. Fish. Table 4.4.1."). According to reported data 40-60% of the maximum catch are recovered, in reality valuable species are being over-fished with the resulting growth in the part of less valuable species in the structure of fish communities in Lake Ladoga (Annex A-4.1). At present, the fish stock in the lake is considerably depleted, many of fish species being on the verge of extinction. Urgent measures for the conservation of fish resources in Lake Ladoga are required. Current situation with the fish resources and fishery is explained by (1) the insignificant role of fishery on the Ladoga lake that it plays in economy of both Leningrad region and Karelia, and thus, lack of attention to the problem from the regional authorities, (2) lack of sufficient resources to implement protection measures, stop illegal fishing, and achieve efficient control of bi-catches, (3) increased illegal fishing due to decrease of economical wealth of most of the municipalities in the Ladoga region, (4) lack of detailed program for maintenance of the Ladoga lake fish resources and lack of unified fishing rules, and (5) consequences of the technogenic pressing on the Ladoga ecosystems. In the recent years the stocks of the some commercial or rare fish species have been maintained also due to the activities of fish farms. The Leningrad region holds three fish farms growing valuable fish species (Volkhov whitefish, Baltic salmon, freshwater brown trout). In addition, a number of trout farms annually producing up to 100 ton of trout for sale, are situated in Karelia. |
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