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Vegetation of the southern regionThe southern region shoreline vegetation is exceptionally well-developed with communities composed by Typha angustifolia, Scolochloe festucacea, Juncus conglomeratus, Zizania latifoliasourthern occur in the region. Reed stands with admixture of spike-rush (Eleocharis palustris) up to 250 m wide form along the western shore of the Petrokrepost bay. Communities of bulrush (Scirpus lacustris), various-leaved pondweed (Potamogeton gramineum), Canadian pondweed (Elodea canadensis), rivergrasses (Scolochloe festucacea) are distributed among reed stands. Spike-rush and arrowhead (Sagittaria sagitifolia) stands develop along the water edge (Raspopov, 1985). Further the area is occupied by wet meadows and fens with reed-sedge and small reed-sedge communities, fringed by willow (Sa- lix acutifolia) stands with mixed grass stands (Mulgedium sibiricum, Potentilla anserina, Equise- tum arvense). Ca. 15% of the Petrokrepost bay gets overgrown with Potamogeton perfoliatum. The littoral zone from the Kobona river mouth to the Poperechnaya shoal is free of vegetation. Reed communities 50 to 70 m wide are spread by Paigach, Ligovsky and Voronov promontories. Their width by the shores between the promontories reaches 450 m. The reed strip by the south-western shore of the Ptinov island widens to 1.0-1.2 km. Communities of Agrostis stolonifera, Juncus nodulosus, Eleocharis palustris grow on sandy areas along the shore. Further on one sees wet meadows with Carex rostrata, Carex vesicaria, Epilobium adenocaulon. Cattail (Typha angustifolia) aggregation is found behind the barrier of reed stands in the western part of the Volkhov bay. Commonly encountered in the stand openings are communities of yellow water-lily (Nuphar lutea) and water smartweed (Polygonum amphibium). Arrowhead (Sagittaria sagitifolia) aggregation is situated by the Volkhov river estuary. Near-shore stands contain much duckweed. Meadows dominated by Phalaroides arundinacea and sedges (Carex acuta, C. rostrata, C. vesicaria) form landwards from the water edge. Further territory is occupied by meadows dominated by Deschampsia cespitosa with the occurrence of Potentilla erecta, Viola palustris, Anthoxantum odoratum. The rocky littoral to the north of Chjorny promontory is little overgrown. Sandy shoals and islands by the Svir river estuary are covered by reed. It shelters communities of Nuphar lutea, Sagittaria sagitifolia and Potamogeton gramineum. Reed stands are interspersed with Scirpus lacustris aggregations. In addition to wet meadows there occur fens. Moisture content in them is quite high and sphagnum mosses are not present. The fens are dominated by sedges (Carex lasiocarpa, C. chordorrhiza, C. rostrata) and grasses (Menyanthes trifoliata, Peucedanum palustre, Equisetum fluviatile; Reviews..., 1982). |
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